Disruption of the hypothalamo-pituitary-interrenal axis in 1+ yellow perch (Perca flavescens) chronically exposed to metals in the environment
نویسندگان
چکیده
Although it has been reported that adult yellow perch (Perca flavescens) chronically exposed to metals in the environment exhibit endocrine impairment characterized by blunted cortisol secretion, little is known about the vulnerability of early life stages. Young-of-the-year (YOY) and 1+ yellow perch were captured, subjected to a standardized stress test or adrenocorticotropic-hormone stimulation in lakes situated along a contamination gradient of Cd, Cu, and Zn in the mining region of Abitibi, Quebec. For the first time, whole-body cortisol concentrations were measured. The 1+ fish with elevated whole-body Cd, Cu, and Zn concentrations had an impaired capacity to respond to an acute stress challenge. Although YOY perch had similar whole-body Cd concentrations to 1+ perch, no effects on physiological status were detected in relation to body burdens of metals. Metal contamination did not affect whole-body thyroidhormone concentrations, condition factor, or hepatosomatic index in 1+ or YOY perch. These results indicate that effects of Cd, Cu, and Zn on the functional integrity of the hypothalamo-pituitary-interrenal axis in yellow perch are detectable after only 1 year of environmental exposure. Résumé : Bien qu’on ait signalé que les perchaudes adultes exposées de façon chronique aux métaux dans leur environnement subissent une déficience endocrinienne, caractérisée par une sécrétion inadéquate de cortisol, on connaît mal la vulnérabilité des jeunes stades. Nous avons capturé des jeunes de l’année (YOY) et d’âge 1+ de la perchaude (Perca flavescens) et les avons soumis à une épreuve de stress standardisée ou à une stimulation à l’ACTH (l’hormone adrénocorticotrope) dans des lacs situés le long d’un gradient de contamination au Cd, au Cu et au Zn dans la région minière de l’Abitibi, Québec. Nous avons mesuré pour la première fois les concentrations corporelles globales de cortisol. Les poissons (1+) ayant des concentrations corporelles élevées de Cd, de Cu et de Zn ont une capacité réduite de réagir à une épreuve aiguë de stress. Bien que les perchaudes YOY aient des concentrations corporelles de Cd semblables à celles des perchaudes 1+, nous n’avons pas mesuré d’effet sur l’état physiologique en fonction des charges corporelles de métaux. La contamination par les métaux chez les perchaudes YOY et 1+ n’affecte pas les concentrations corporelles d’hormone thyroïdienne, ni le coefficient de condition, ni l’indice hépatosomatique (HSI). Ces résultats indiquent que les effets d’expositions au Cd, au Cu et au Zn dans le milieu sur l’intégrité fonctionnelle de l’axe hypothalamohypophyso-interrénal (HPI) ne sont décelables chez la perchaude qu’après une année d’exposition. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Gravel et al. 990
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